What is the site of fertilization in the female reproductive system?

• A. Fallopian tube (oviduct)
• B. Uterus
• C. Ovary
• D. Cervix

Answer: (A)

Fertilization happens in the fallopian tube (oviduct), typically in the ampulla right after ovulation. Once the egg is released, fimbriae and the tube’s motion guide it into the oviduct, where it meets arriving sperm that have traveled through the vagina, cervix, and uterus. Sperm undergo changes that enable them to fertilize the egg, and when a sperm penetrates, their genetic material combine to form a zygote. The fallopian tube provides the right environment and timing for this encounter; the embryo then moves to the uterus for implantation. The uterus is the site of implantation, not fertilization, while the ovary contains the egg before release and the cervix mainly serves as a passageway for sperm.